2018 WAEC - Agric Answers

Agric OBJ:
1-10: ACCADBDDBB
11-20: DDAABACBBA
21-30: CDCCADDDBA
31-40: BDDAACDDCD
41-50: CCBACBBBCC

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1ai)
Basic Ammenities:
-It makes able bodied me to migrate from rural to urban areas in search of job
-Poor processing facilities for farm produce
-Shortage of water for irrigation purposes for all season cropping
-Poor health services reduces the productivity of farmers
1aii)
Farm inputs:
-Available farm inputs are of inferior quality,outdated and crude
-Farm inputs like chemicals,fertilizers,tools and implements are grossly inadequate
-Modern farm inputs are not produced in Nigeria
-Farm inputs are expensive to buy and maintain

1bi)
Tractor:
-Used for drawing farm implements like plough,harrows,ridgers etc
-It has hydraulic control system which aids the lifting of coupled implements
-It can be used to carry harvested crops or other farm products from the farm to the market
1bii)
Buldozzer:
-For bush clearing
-For felling trees and stumps
-For levelling ground
1c)
-Service at regular interval
-Replace worn out or weld broken parts
-Adhere strictly to manual or manufacturer’s instruction
-Routine and regular changing of oil

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2a)
i)Water is essential for the process of photosynthesis.
ii)Water also help to maintains the turgidity of plant.
iii)Water protects plant from adverse condition like drought, frost etc.
iv)Water serves as the solvent and carrier of food nutrients for the growth of plants.

2b)
i)Nitrate leaching
ii)the export of alkalinity in produce.
iii)Parent material – type of rocks from which the soil developed.
iv)Rainfall – soils under high rainfall conditions are more acid than soils formed under dry conditions.
v)Soil organic matter – soil organisms are continuously decomposing organic matter.
2c)
Adult fluke lay eggs that are passed out onto pasture in the faeces. the egg, hatches and migrates in thin films of moisture, actively seeking the snail host. Within the snail they undergo two further developmental stages, including multiplication, eventually becoming infective cercariae, which emerge from the snail when the temperature and moisture levels are suitable. The cercariae migrate onto wet herbage, encystingas metacercariae, the highly resilient infective stage of the liver fluke. Following ingestion, the young flukes migrate to the liver, through which they tunnel, causing considerable tissue damage. The infection is patent about 10-12 weeks after the meta-cercariae are ingested. The whole cycle takes 18-20 weeks.

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3ai)
Loamy soil is the type of soil that has moderate water infiltration and retention
abilities good for cassava growth.
3aii)
i)Clear land of all grass, brush and trees
ii)Plough, rotovate and ridge
iii)Apply limestone at 2-4 t/ha before rotovating
iv)Form ridges 1m apart and 25-40 cm high
3aiii)
Cassava is propagated by cuttings, by planting pieces of stem.
3aiv)
Setts are planted 50 cm to 90 cm on the ridge at a 45o angle leaving 2-3 nodes above ground.
3av)
Use a contact and/or pre- emergent herbicide to control weeds for the first three months of growth (vegetative stage).
Hand-weeding using hoes are normally recommended after 3 months, if necessary, since the enlarged crop canopy should limit weed growth after 3 months.
3avi)
When soil tests are not done, a general recommendation for fertilizing cassava can be: a. NPK (12:24:12) applied at the rate of 336 kg/ha at 6 weeks after planting followed by 16:8:24 at 16 weeks after planting
3avii)
Cassava matures between 8 to 12 months after planting. Cutting back plants 2 weeks before harvesting should cause tubers to mature and increase yields by 10%. Do not weed before harvesting.
3aviii)
The storage method include its use in the productions of garri, farinha, attieke, cassava bread, chips, cassava powder

3bi)
coccidian protozoa
3bii)
Cattle
3biii)
Diarrhea
3biv)
Use of anticoccidial drugs
3bv)
Virus
3bvi)
Cattle
3bvii)
fever,
3bviii)
by strict quarantine and slaughter

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4a)
LAND TENURE SYSTEm: is a system in which a party occupies or holds some area of
land.

4b)
A weed is a plant considered undesirable in a particular situation, “a plant in the wrong place”
4ci)
Virus
4cii)
It is transmitted by aphid Aphis craccivora.
4ciii)
i)It forms green and yellow colour in the plants
ii)Distortion and stunting of the plants.
4civ)
i)Use of insecticide
ii)Uprooting affected plants
4di)
i)Land is Permanent
ii)Land is a Primary Factor of Production
iii)Land is a Passive Factor of Production
iv)Land is Immovable
4dii)
i)Man Produces Capital
ii)Capital is a Passive Factor of Production
iii)Capital is a Produced
Means of Production
iv)It is variable

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6a)
i)By washing of the feeders and drinkers regularly
ii)Administration of vaccine and medication to birds
iii)Fumigation and proper sanitation should be done before arrival of the bird
iv)Provision of medication and vaccination

6b)
-It prevents secondary infection caused by horn injuries
-It creates more space for animals
-It prevents injuries to the body of other animals
-It makes it safer during vaccination or deworming of animals
6c)
– harvesting
– packaging and packing
– transport
– advertising
– food processing

6d)
-Inadequate for land tenure system
-inadequate finance and credit facilities
-poor marketing system
-inadequate farm input